VIM

VIM can be very complicated for new users but when You can basic commands it is very capable tool. There is much easier text editor called nano. Both text editors is very good.

Install and configure

sudo apt install vim fonts-powerline python3-powerline vim-airline
mkdir -p ~/.vim ~/.vim/autoload ~/.vim/backup ~/.vim/colors ~/.vim/plugged
touch ~/.vimrc
curl -fLo ~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs \
    https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim

Change default vimrc sudo vim /etc/vim/vimrc

runtime! debian.vim
syntax on
set background=dark
au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 1 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g'\"" | endif
filetype plugin indent on
set encoding=utf-8
set nobackup
set nowritebackup
set showcmd
set updatetime=300
set showmatch
set ignorecase
set smartcase
set incsearch
set tabstop=2
set softtabstop=2
set shiftwidth=2
set expandtab
if filereadable("/etc/vim/vimrc.local")
  source /etc/vim/vimrc.local
endif

And configure personal vimrc vim ~/.vimrc

""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 
"              
"               ██╗   ██╗██╗███╗   ███╗██████╗  ██████╗
"               ██║   ██║██║████╗ ████║██╔══██╗██╔════╝
"               ██║   ██║██║██╔████╔██║██████╔╝██║     
"               ╚██╗ ██╔╝██║██║╚██╔╝██║██╔══██╗██║     
"                ╚████╔╝ ██║██║ ╚═╝ ██║██║  ██║╚██████╗
"                 ╚═══╝  ╚═╝╚═╝     ╚═╝╚═╝  ╚═╝ ╚═════╝
"               
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 
set mouse=
set nocompatible
set cursorline
set nocursorcolumn
set nowrap
set showmode
set hlsearch
set wildmenu
set wildmode=list:longest
set wildignore=*.docx,*.jpg,*.png,*.gif,*.pdf,*.pyc,*.exe,*.flv,*.img,*.xlsx

" PLUGINS ---------------------------------------------------------------- {{{

call plug#begin('~/.vim/plugged')
  Plug 'dense-analysis/ale'
  Plug 'preservim/nerdtree'
  Plug 'nelsyeung/twig.vim'
  Plug 'pangloss/vim-javascript'
  Plug 'neoclide/coc.nvim', {'branch': 'release'}
call plug#end()

" }}}

" COC -------------------------------------------------------------------- {{{

" Use tab for trigger completion with characters ahead and navigate
" NOTE: There's always complete item selected by default, you may want to enable
" no select by `"suggest.noselect": true` in your configuration file
" NOTE: Use command ':verbose imap <tab>' to make sure tab is not mapped by
" other plugin before putting this into your config
inoremap <silent><expr> <TAB>
      \ coc#pum#visible() ? coc#pum#next(1) :
      \ CheckBackspace() ? "\<Tab>" :
      \ coc#refresh()
inoremap <expr><S-TAB> coc#pum#visible() ? coc#pum#prev(1) : "\<C-h>"

" Make <CR> to accept selected completion item or notify coc.nvim to format
" <C-g>u breaks current undo, please make your own choice
inoremap <silent><expr> <CR> coc#pum#visible() ? coc#pum#confirm()
                              \: "\<C-g>u\<CR>\<c-r>=coc#on_enter()\<CR>"

function! CheckBackspace() abort
  let col = col('.') - 1
  return !col || getline('.')[col - 1]  =~# '\s'
endfunction

" Use <c-space> to trigger completion
if has('nvim')
  inoremap <silent><expr> <c-space> coc#refresh()
else
  inoremap <silent><expr> <c-@> coc#refresh()
endif

" Use `[g` and `]g` to navigate diagnostics
" Use `:CocDiagnostics` to get all diagnostics of current buffer in location list
nmap <silent> [g <Plug>(coc-diagnostic-prev)
nmap <silent> ]g <Plug>(coc-diagnostic-next)

" GoTo code navigation
nmap <silent> gd <Plug>(coc-definition)
nmap <silent> gy <Plug>(coc-type-definition)
nmap <silent> gi <Plug>(coc-implementation)
nmap <silent> gr <Plug>(coc-references)

" Use K to show documentation in preview window
nnoremap <silent> K :call ShowDocumentation()<CR>

function! ShowDocumentation()
  if CocAction('hasProvider', 'hover')
    call CocActionAsync('doHover')
  else
    call feedkeys('K', 'in')
  endif
endfunction

" Highlight the symbol and its references when holding the cursor
autocmd CursorHold * silent call CocActionAsync('highlight')

" Symbol renaming
nmap <leader>rn <Plug>(coc-rename)

" Formatting selected code
xmap <leader>f  <Plug>(coc-format-selected)
nmap <leader>f  <Plug>(coc-format-selected)

augroup mygroup
  autocmd!
  " Setup formatexpr specified filetype(s)
  autocmd FileType typescript,json setl formatexpr=CocAction('formatSelected')
  " Update signature help on jump placeholder
  autocmd User CocJumpPlaceholder call CocActionAsync('showSignatureHelp')
augroup end

" Applying code actions to the selected code block
" Example: `<leader>aap` for current paragraph
xmap <leader>a  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-selected)
nmap <leader>a  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-selected)

" Remap keys for applying code actions at the cursor position
nmap <leader>ac  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-cursor)
" Remap keys for apply code actions affect whole buffer
nmap <leader>as  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-source)
" Apply the most preferred quickfix action to fix diagnostic on the current line
nmap <leader>qf  <Plug>(coc-fix-current)

" Remap keys for applying refactor code actions
nmap <silent> <leader>re <Plug>(coc-codeaction-refactor)
xmap <silent> <leader>r  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-refactor-selected)
nmap <silent> <leader>r  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-refactor-selected)

" Run the Code Lens action on the current line
nmap <leader>cl  <Plug>(coc-codelens-action)

" Map function and class text objects
" NOTE: Requires 'textDocument.documentSymbol' support from the language server
xmap if <Plug>(coc-funcobj-i)
omap if <Plug>(coc-funcobj-i)
xmap af <Plug>(coc-funcobj-a)
omap af <Plug>(coc-funcobj-a)
xmap ic <Plug>(coc-classobj-i)
omap ic <Plug>(coc-classobj-i)
xmap ac <Plug>(coc-classobj-a)
omap ac <Plug>(coc-classobj-a)

" Remap <C-f> and <C-b> to scroll float windows/popups
if has('nvim-0.4.0') || has('patch-8.2.0750')
  nnoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-f> coc#float#has_scroll() ? coc#float#scroll(1) : "\<C-f>"
  nnoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-b> coc#float#has_scroll() ? coc#float#scroll(0) : "\<C-b>"
  inoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-f> coc#float#has_scroll() ? "\<c-r>=coc#float#scroll(1)\<cr>" : "\<Right>"
  inoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-b> coc#float#has_scroll() ? "\<c-r>=coc#float#scroll(0)\<cr>" : "\<Left>"
  vnoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-f> coc#float#has_scroll() ? coc#float#scroll(1) : "\<C-f>"
  vnoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-b> coc#float#has_scroll() ? coc#float#scroll(0) : "\<C-b>"
endif

" Use CTRL-S for selections ranges
" Requires 'textDocument/selectionRange' support of language server
nmap <silent> <C-s> <Plug>(coc-range-select)
xmap <silent> <C-s> <Plug>(coc-range-select)

" Add `:Format` command to format current buffer
command! -nargs=0 Format :call CocActionAsync('format')

" Add `:Fold` command to fold current buffer
command! -nargs=? Fold :call     CocAction('fold', <f-args>)

" Add `:OR` command for organize imports of the current buffer
command! -nargs=0 OR   :call     CocActionAsync('runCommand', 'editor.action.organizeImport')

" Add (Neo)Vim's native statusline support
" NOTE: Please see `:h coc-status` for integrations with external plugins that
" provide custom statusline: lightline.vim, vim-airline
set statusline^=%{coc#status()}%{get(b:,'coc_current_function','')}

" Mappings for CoCList
" Show all diagnostics
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>a  :<C-u>CocList diagnostics<cr>
" Manage extensions
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>e  :<C-u>CocList extensions<cr>
" Show commands
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>c  :<C-u>CocList commands<cr>
" Find symbol of current document
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>o  :<C-u>CocList outline<cr>
" Search workspace symbols
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>s  :<C-u>CocList -I symbols<cr>
" Do default action for next item
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>j  :<C-u>CocNext<CR>
" Do default action for previous item
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>k  :<C-u>CocPrev<CR>
" Resume latest coc list
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>p  :<C-u>CocListResume<CR>

" }}}

" MAPPINGS --------------------------------------------------------------- {{{

inoremap <silent><expr> <TAB>
      \ coc#pum#visible() ? coc#pum#next(1) :
      \ CheckBackspace() ? "\<Tab>" :
      \ coc#refresh()
inoremap <expr><S-TAB> coc#pum#visible() ? coc#pum#prev(1) : "\<C-h>"

" Press \\ to jump back to the last cursor position.
nnoremap <leader>\ ``

" Press \p to print the current file to the default printer from a Linux
" operating system.
" View available printers:   lpstat -v
" Set default printer:       lpoptions -d <printer_name>
" <silent> means do not display output.
nnoremap <silent> <leader>p :%w !lp<CR>

" Type jj to exit insert mode quickly.
inoremap jj <Esc>

" Press the space bar to type the : character in command mode.
nnoremap <space> :

" Pressing the letter o will open a new line below the current one.
" Exit insert mode after creating a new line above or below the current line.
nnoremap o o<esc>
nnoremap O O<esc>

" Center the cursor vertically when moving to the next word during a search.
nnoremap n nzz
nnoremap N Nzz

" Yank from cursor to the end of line.
nnoremap Y y$

" Map the F5 key to run a Python script inside Vim.
" We map F5 to a chain of commands here.
" :w saves the file.
" <CR> (carriage return) is like pressing the enter key.
" !clear runs the external clear screen command.
" !python3 % executes the current file with Python.
nnoremap <f5> :w <CR>:!clear <CR>:!python3 % <CR>

" You can split the window in Vim by typing :split or :vsplit.
" Navigate the split view easier by pressing CTRL+j, CTRL+k, CTRL+h, or CTRL+l.
nnoremap <c-j> <c-w>j
nnoremap <c-k> <c-w>k
nnoremap <c-h> <c-w>h
nnoremap <c-l> <c-w>l

" Resize split windows using arrow keys by pressing:
" CTRL+UP, CTRL+DOWN, CTRL+LEFT, or CTRL+RIGHT.
noremap <c-up> <c-w>+
noremap <c-down> <c-w>-
noremap <c-left> <c-w>>
noremap <c-right> <c-w><

" NERDTree specific mappings.
" Map the F3 key to toggle NERDTree open and close.
nnoremap <F3> :NERDTreeToggle<cr>

" Have nerdtree ignore certain files and directories.
let NERDTreeIgnore=['\.git$', '\.jpg$', '\.mp4$', '\.ogg$', '\.iso$', '\.pdf$', '\.pyc$', '\.odt$', '\.png$', '\.gif$', '\.db$']

" }}}

" VIMSCRIPT -------------------------------------------------------------- {{{

" Enable the marker method of folding.
augroup filetype_vim
    autocmd!
    autocmd FileType vim setlocal foldmethod=marker
augroup END

" If the current file type is HTML, set indentation to 2 spaces.
autocmd Filetype html setlocal tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 expandtab

" If Vim version is equal to or greater than 7.3 enable undofile.
" This allows you to undo changes to a file even after saving it.
if version >= 703
    set undodir=~/.vim/backup
    set undofile
    set undoreload=10000
endif

" You can split a window into sections by typing `:split` or `:vsplit`.
" Display cursorline and cursorcolumn ONLY in active window.
augroup cursor_off
    autocmd!
    autocmd WinLeave * set nocursorline nocursorcolumn
    autocmd WinEnter * set cursorline cursorcolumn
augroup END

" If GUI version of Vim is running set these options.
if has('gui_running')

    " Set the background tone.
    set background=dark

    " Set the color scheme.
    colorscheme molokai

    " Set a custom font you have installed on your computer.
    " Syntax: <font_name>\ <weight>\ <size>
    set guifont=Monospace\ Regular\ 12

    " Display more of the file by default.
    " Hide the toolbar.
    set guioptions-=T

    " Hide the the left-side scroll bar.
    set guioptions-=L

    " Hide the the left-side scroll bar.
    set guioptions-=r

    " Hide the the menu bar.
    set guioptions-=m

    " Hide the the bottom scroll bar.
    set guioptions-=b

    " Map the F4 key to toggle the menu, toolbar, and scroll bar.
    " <Bar> is the pipe character.
    " <CR> is the enter key.
    nnoremap <F4> :if &guioptions=~#'mTr'<Bar>
        \set guioptions-=mTr<Bar>
        \else<Bar>
        \set guioptions+=mTr<Bar>
        \endif<CR>

endif

" }}}

" STATUS LINE ------------------------------------------------------------ {{{

" Clear status line when vimrc is reloaded.
set statusline=

" Status line left side.
set statusline+=\ %F\ %M\ %Y\ %R

" Use a divider to separate the left side from the right side.
set statusline+=%=

" Status line right side.
"set statusline+=\ ascii:\ %b\ hex:\ 0x%B\ row:\ %l\ col:\ %c\ percent:\ %p%%

" Show the status on the second to last line.
set laststatus=2

" Add (Neo)Vim's native statusline support
" NOTE: Please see `:h coc-status` for integrations with external plugins that
" provide custom statusline: lightline.vim, vim-airline
set statusline^=%{coc#status()}%{get(b:,'coc_current_function','')}

" }}}

Postconfig

vim ~/.vimrc
:PlugInstall
:source ~/.vimrc
:CocInstall @yaegassy/coc-tailwindcss3
:CocInstall coc-html
:CocInstall coc-json
:CocInstall coc-java

Set VIM as default editor

Select an editor. To change later, run select-editor.

1. /bin/nano <---- easiest
2. /usr/bin/vim.basic
3. /usr/bin/vim.tiny

Cut copy and paste

Copy Specified Contet

You have two options after selecting a text or content. You can copy or cut. If you want to copy the content you should use the yy . The y key stands for the yank in vi/vim and used to copy the selected context. You can use the following keys to copy. This operation is also called vim yanking or vim yank.

Cut Specified Content

The second operation is the cut operation which is different from the copy. The cut operation is called delete in vi/vim that executed with the dd keys. The cut operation first deletes selected content and then paste the deleted content to the specified position. You can use the following table in order to cut.

Paste visual

The copied or cut content can be pasted into the current cursor location by using the p key. The p key will paste the yanked lines into the current location which will complete the copy and paste or cut and paste operation. This is paste key is very similar to the GUI-based text editors or windows right-click paste from clipboard because the content will be pasted from the memory which acts like a clipboard. But keep in mind that this will not paste from the GUI desktop of the Linux operating system. You should use your terminal paste shortcut after changing the Vim/Vi into insert mode. The terminal paste keys are generally CTRL+SHIFT+v.

As a command line and command based text editor Vim or Vi do not provides the right click and paste function. All the paste operation will be done via commands and keys. But GVIM is an exception which is the graphical variant of the Vim and provides some GUI tools and mouse clicks to paste the copied or cut content.

Duplicate Current Line

If you need to duplicate the current line where the cursor is located with simple keystrokes use the following ESC+yy+p keys.

System clipboard

From the console, type:

vim --version | grep clipboard

If you see +clipboard or +xterm_clipboard, you are good to go. If it's -clipboard and -xterm_clipboard, you will need to look for a version of Vim that was compiled with clipboard support. On Debian and Ubuntu, to obtain clipboard support install the packages vim-gtk or vim-gnome.

Cut and copy

# Yank the selected text into the unnamed(default) register
y
# Yank into register a
"ay
# Yank into the system clipboard
"+y

Paste

# paste from the unnamed register
p
# paste from register a
"ap
# Paste from the system clipboard
"+p

Search and replace

For example, to search for the first occurrence of the string ‘foo’ in the current line and replace it with ‘bar’, you would use:

:s/foo/bar/

To replace all occurrences of the search pattern in the current line, add the g flag:

:s/foo/bar/g

If you want to search and replace the pattern in the entire file, use the percentage character % as a range. This character indicates a range from the first to the last line of the file:

:%s/foo/bar/g

If the {string} part is omitted, it is considered as an empty string, and the matched pattern is deleted. The following command deletes all instances of the string ‘foo’ in the current line:

:s/foo//g

Instead of the slash character (/), you can use any other non-alphanumeric single-byte character except as a delimiter. This option is useful when you have the ‘/’ character in the search pattern or the replacement string.

For example, to substitute all occurrences of ‘foo’ to ‘bar’ in all lines starting from line 3 to line 10 you would use:

:3,10s/foo/bar/g

Undo Changes in Vim / Vi

Vim keeps track of all the changes you made in the current session. The undo command undoes one or more changes in the order in which they were made.

To undo changes in Vim and Vi use the u, :u or :undo commands:

If you are in insert or any other mode, press the Esc key to go back to the normal mode, which is also known as command mode.

Type u to undo the last change. In Vim, the u command also accepts quantifiers. For example, if you want to undo the four last changes, you would use 4u.

Make sure you’re typing lowercase u, not the uppercase U command, which undoes all latest changes on one line. If you accidentally type U you can undo the change with u

Redo Changes in Vim / Vi

The redo feature reverses the action of undo.

To redo a change in Vim and Vi use the Ctrl-R or :redo:

Press the Esc key to go back to the normal mode.

Use Ctrl-R (press and hold Ctrl and press r) to redo the last change. In Vim, you can also use quantifiers. For example, if you want to redo the 4 last changes, you would type 4Ctrl-R.

Each undo command can be reversed by a redo command.

External links

Twig syntax in vim